ئەکادیمیا قوتابی

Reported Speech

ڤەگوهاستنا رستا راگەهاندنێ

1. دێ یاسا خارێ بکارئینی دەمێ رستە ب (ناڤی یان جێناڤی) دەستپێدکەت.

Subject

told me added said

(that)

past

..........

Examples

1. He studies English language. (He said ……..)
   • He said that he studied English language.
2. I listened to the music. (My brother said…)
   • My brother said that he had listened to the music.
3. I am hungry. (Aree said ………)
   • Aree said that he was hungry.

تێبینی
ئەگەر پستی (had) (P.P)نەبیت دێ بو (Reported Speech) (had) بیتە دەبل.

4. I had a wonderful time. (Hozan told me……)
   • Hozan told me that she had had a wonderful time..

2. ڤەگوهاستنارستا فەرمان یان داخازی (Reported (Request or Order))

دێ ئەڤێ یاسایێ بکارئینی دەمێ رستە(base/don't دەستپێدکەت یانژی (You should, You have to, You can)

Subject

asked warned promised advised invited refused

Object Pronoun

(not)to

base + C

تێبینی
بتنێ ئەگەر رستێ ب (don't) دەستپێکر دێ (not) بکارئینی

Examples

1. Avoid smoking. (The doctor warned me……………)
   • The doctor warned me to avoid smoking.
2. Don’t be late. (She ordered me…………..)
   • She ordered me not to be late.
3. Don't touch the wire. (My father warned me…………….)
   • My father warned me not to touch the wire.
4. You should pay your debts. (The manager advised me…….)
   • The manager advised me to pay my debts.
5. Please, tell me a little about your country. (He asked me…………..)
   • He asked me to tell him a little about my country.

3. ڤەگوهاستنا پسیارا بەلێ یان نەخێر (Reported Yes/No question )

دێ ئەڤێ یاسایێ بکارئینی دەمێ رستە ب ئێک ژ کارێن هاریکارێن (Do/Be/ Have/ Model Verbs) دەستپێکر.

Subject

asked + (Object Pronoun) wondered inquired wanted to know

whether/ if

past ......

Examples

1. Do you speak English? (The teacher asked me……………..)
   • The teacher asked me if I spoke English.
2. Did you live in London? (She asked him…………)
   • She asked him whether I had lived in London.
3. Is he a clever student? (He inquired……………….)
   • He inquired if he was a clever student
4. Were you at school? (The teacher inquired…………)
   • The teacher inquired whether I had been at school
5. Has he played tennis? (She wondered……………...)
   • She wondered if he had played tennis.

3. ڤەگوهاستنا پسیارا (Reported Wh. question )

دێ ئەڤێ یاسایێ بکارئینی دەمێ رستە ب ئێک (Wh) دەستپێکر.

Subject

asked + (Object Pronoun) wondered inquired wanted to know

Wh.

past ......

Examples

1. Where do you live? (They asked me……………)
   • They asked me where I lived.
2. Where did they live? (They asked me……………..)
   • They asked me where they had lived.
3. What was the time? (She wanted to know………….)
   • She wanted to know what the time had been.
4. Where have you spent your money? (He asked……..)
   • He asked where I had spent my money.
5. When will we meet again? (She wondered……………….)
   • She wondered when they would meet again.